(CityTainement)
The city of Shanghai is in place since 2001 (until 2020) a city policy called "One city, nine towns" to move 500,000 people. Contrary to their usual method (see eg here and here), the Chinese authorities are opting this time for a gentle approach, initiating a marketing strategy architecture. The particularity of this plan is to give a cultural dimension to these satellites by sounding in each of international cultures. Whether the authorities or developers, each trying to replicate, for a population of 10 000 to 50 000 inhabitants of cities, very specific environments. 9 new towns have been built a few miles from the center and is surrounded by fields show delivery nine cities concentrates Swedish, Dutch, German, Italian, English, English ..
Anting, the German city, developed by Albert Speer Jr. (son of Hitler's favorite architect) who is grafted around the Volkswagen factory. In addition to a Formula 1 circuit, a museum of automobile amongpavilions similar to those one might find in Weimar, structures similar to those of the post war and some pieces of contemporary architecture.
workshop Atkins meanwhile developed an English town: White House Victorian crecent, mews, cottages, church Gothic-born, London's docks, a fake cable cars, gated communities guard in uniform, telephone booths, mailboxes, pubs .. The test developer also negotiating with some companies in England and Scotland so that it becomes established in this city for the sale of souvenirs, football shirts and rugby but also local food.
Koolhaas (Teun, Rem cousin) was responsible for designing Gaoqiao, the village "low country" of 50 000. Once again, all devices are present. Equally Dutch Qingpu plays the card of contemporary architecture, local authorities here use architectural design as a business card and a vehicle for communication. This enclave SUPERDUTCH invite foreign architects to build not only programs but also public housing, like the polders Borneo and other European laboratories in terms of individual and collective habitat. This example is much thinner, it goes beyond the creation of an exotic Dreamland, and now plays the card of many cities Europe, based on quality architecture and stars to attract audiences and the public.
Other cities also are full of significant resources to recreate the atmosphere of their native culture. The architect in charge of the Italian project, Augusto Cagnardi, from the agency's approach here Gregotti said: "I do not try to create a replica of a classical Roman city, but to transplant from Italy our style life that is comfortable and relaxing. I am an architect for 40 years, I traveled a lot, and I create an ideal city. This piece of perfection flying in my mind all the time. Shanghai now I try to capture these moments, these moods, these atmospheres and reproduce. "
Urbanism is here replaced by citytainement, create exotic atmospheres through architecture, the import of local products, lifestyles .. This is not unlike the goal of unitary urbanism, including Guy Debord presents the objectives in the manifest Towards an International situtationniste in 1957:
"Our central idea is that of construction of situations, that is to say, the concrete construction momentary ambiances of life and their transformation into a higher quality of passion. We need to develop an intervention ordered on complex areas of two major components in perpetual interaction: the decoration material of life and behavior that leads to the upsets. Our prospects for action on the set lead in their latest development, design of unitary urbanism. Unitary urbanism is defined firstly by the use of all the arts and techniques as a means incurring a full composition of the medium. Consider this set as much wider than the old empire of architecture on the traditional arts, or that the current planning application occasional anarchic specialized technical or scientific investigations, such as ecology. The Planning Unit will dominate as well, for example, the noise environment that the distribution of different varieties of food or drink. It will embrace the creation of new forms and misappropriation of poetry or film former. The integral art, which has talked so much, could not achieve that level of planning. But he can no longer correspond to any of the definitions traditional aesthetics. In each of these experimental city, urban planning unit will work through a number of force fields, we can temporarily designate by the term classic neighborhood. Each district will strive for harmony and clear out the harmonies with neighboring or may play a maximum of ruptures of internal harmony. Second, unitary urbanism is dynamic, ie closely related behavioral styles. The most reduced unitary urbanism is not home, but the architectural complex, which is the union of all factors affecting a atmosphere, or a series of atmosphere encountered at the level of the constructed situation. The spatial development must take into account the emotional realities that will determine the experimental city. One of our comrades has advanced a theory districts d'âme states, whereby each district of a city should attempt to produce a simple sentiment, which the subject would be exposed knowingly. It seems that such a project draws to timely findings of a movement impairment accidental primary feelings, and that its implementation could help to accelerate this movement. Comrades requiring a new architecture, open architecture, must understand that this will forge new architecture does not first on line and free forms, poetic - the meaning of those words which now claims to paint lyrical abstraction - but rather on the effects of atmosphere of rooms, corridors, streets, atmosphere related to the actions it contains. Architecture must move as taking on emotional situations, rather than shapes moving. "
Is it therefore unitary urbanism? After 50 years, China finally reached the leisure society; she delivers here his version of expatriation, the perpetual search for new emotions, far enough Constant models, but actually achieved.
If you want to know more about the amazing urban operations in Shanghai and China, dust can see the blog Emili Cam and Rémi Ferrand Shanghwhy, 'll see here or there , and if courage you takes you attack the subversive Debord reading this and looking it.
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